DACI (decision-rights framework)

DACI — the decision-rights grid: for each class of decision, one Driver (does the work of deciding), one Approver (final say), Contributors (consulted), Informed (told after). Made real by thresholds, not philosophy: the GM drives everything below the capex line (₱20–50k in small PH businesses), below supervisor-level hires, inside the pricing band; the owner approves above the lines, on senior hires, new sites, and anything legal or BIR-touching. Brooks’s escalation rule completes it: an owner who finds himself driving operations has a leadership problem, not a decision problem.

First used in: 4.4 · Installing the operator